Where is the glenoid process

The end of the scapula, called the glenoid, meets the head of the humerus to form a glenohumeral cavity that acts as a flexible ball-and-socket joint. The joint is stabilized by a ring of fibrous cartilage surrounding the glenoid, called the labrum. Ligaments connect the bones of the shoulder, and tendons join the bones to surrounding muscles. The biceps tendon attaches the biceps muscle to the shoulder and helps to stabilize the joint.

Four short muscles originate on the scapula and pass around the shoulder where their tendons fuse together to form the rotator cuff. All of these components of the shoulder, along with the muscles of the upper body, work together to manage the stress the shoulder receives as you extend, flex, lift, and throw.

Skip to main content. The scapula, also called the shoulder blade, is one of two large vertebrate shoulder girdle bones. These are found to be triangular in humans and reside between the levels of the second as well as eighth ribs on the upper back. The posterior surface of a scapula is disingenuously divided by a prominent ridge, the spine, which divides the bone into the infraspinatus and supraspinatus fossa, two concave regions.

The spine and fossae provide an attachment to the muscles which rotate the arm. The spine ends in the acromion, a mechanism that articulates in front of the clavicle or collarbone helping to form the upper part of the socket of the shoulder. Glenoid Cavity Anatomy - The triangle's lateral apex is widened and provides a deeper cavity, the glenoid cavity, that illustrates the shape of the shoulder joint mostly with the head of the upper arm bone, the humerus.

A beaklike projection, the coracoid process, that finishes the shoulder socket, is overhanging the glenoid cavity. Muscles that help to shift or repair the shoulder as required by movements of the upper limb are connected to the boundaries of the scapula. Dislocation is prevented in most cases by strong glenohumeral ligaments and muscles. The glenoid cavity enables the shoulder joint to get the highest flexibility as compared to other joints.

This flexibility is due to the shallowness of the glenoid cavity. By being so shallow, it allows degrees of unsupported flexion. The extra range of movement in shoulder flexion usually up to degrees in humans is often obtained by a mechanism known as scapulohumeral rhythm via the great mobility of the scapula shoulder blade.

Definitions of the fossil remains that were given by Australopithecus africanus and A. This illustrates the significance of overhead limb postures and indicates that these hominoid primates maintain arboreal adaptations, while the lateral alignment of the glenoid of human populations illustrates the standard lowered arm position.

In dinosaurs- The major bones of the pectoral girdle in dinosaurs have been the coracoid and the scapula shoulder blade , both of which were directly associated with the clavicle. The location on the scapula where the humerus upper bone of the forelimb articulates is called the glenoid.