What is the difference between referencing and footnotes

In a footnote referencing system, you indicate a reference by: Putting a small number above the line of type directly following the source material. This number is called a note identifier. It sits slightly above the line of text. It looks like this. Footnoting should be numerical and chronological: the first reference is 1, the second is 2, and so on.

The advantage of footnoting is that the reader can simply cast their eyes down the page to discover the source of a reference which interests them. Be the first to rate this post. Where Do You Place the Notes? The difference between footnotes and endnotes is simple: Place footnotes at the bottom of each page. Include endnotes at the end of the paper. Note: In a full-length book, endnotes may be at the end of each chapter. In substantive texts, you may see both endnotes and footnotes used in the paper or book.

However, you will not do this in a typical research paper in school. Note: Many times, online scholarly research articles insert hyperlinks between the note number and the actual note. Related Articles:. How useful was this post? What in-text citation style does your instructor, journal, colleagues, or even area of expertise usually use? Ask others or examine guidelines from your instructor or journal.

Context matters! For example, Chicago style has two styles of citation: notes-bibliography uses footnotes and author-date uses parentheticals. The small, raised numbers you see in footnotes are called superscript. It looks like this:. See the example of superscript at the end of this sentence. Find free citing help for MLA format at www. We also have guides to help anyone make APA citations for books, websites, and other sources. The DOI is not included in parenthetical citations.

A parenthetical citation is a form of in-text citation. The only difference is it is enclosed in parentheses unlike a narrative citation APA style or a citation in prose MLA style. Narrative citation and citation in prose are incorporated into the text and act as a part of the sentence along with the text. Upload a paper to check for plagiarism against billions of sources and get advanced writing suggestions for clarity and style.

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