Shortly thereafter, he was betrayed by a group of reactionaries who drove him out of his house, captured and ultimately executed him. Theodore G. Do you find this information helpful? A small donation would help us keep this accessible to all. Project MUSE promotes the creation and dissemination of essential humanities and social science resources through collaboration with libraries, publishers, and scholars worldwide.
Forged from a partnership between a university press and a library, Project MUSE is a trusted part of the academic and scholarly community it serves. Built on the Johns Hopkins University Campus. This website uses cookies to ensure you get the best experience on our website. Without cookies your experience may not be seamless. Institutional Login. LOG IN. It is estimated that 25 to 30 million West Africans were deported from their home countries and sold to different enslavers.
Most of the enslaved were men, but also women and children were included. Combined, approximately 10 or 12 million slaves were brought to the Americas between the 16th and 19th centuries. From there, they would be transported and distributed to other areas of the country. Slavery lasted more than years in New Spain until Vicente Guerrero abolished the practice in , almost 40 years before President Abraham Lincoln would do the same in the United States when he signed the Emancipation Proclamation in The numerical significance of these figures becomes clear when we compare them to the Spanish population of the colonial era.
In the early colonial period, European immigration was extremely small—and for good reason. There were great risks and many uncertainties in the New World, and few families were willing to immigrate until some assurance of stability was demonstrated.
Because of this hesitance, very few European women immigrated, thus preventing the natural growth of the Spanish population. The point that must be made here is the fact that the black population in the early colony was by far larger than that of the Spanish. In we see that the black population is about 3 times that of the Spanish. In , it is about 2. It is not until that Spaniards are more numerous. Guerrero started his military career in after meeting Morelos and participated in many important engagements, such as battles at Izucar and Taxco, first, under the command of insurgent leader Hermenegildo Galeana, then under Morelos.
After Morelos was executed by a Spanish firing squad in , Guerrero became the new Commander in Chief of the insurgent army. Guerrero became more powerful with every victory and in an effort to stop him, the Spaniards, in , convinced his father to beg his son to offer his sword in surrender to the viceroy of New Spain. He has come to offer me rewards in the name of the Spaniards. I have always respected my father, but my Motherland comes first.
Agustin de Iturbide. Even after losing a majority of his forces, the young Guerrero continued to fight in southern New Spain with only a handful of remaining insurgents. On February 24, , the leader of the Spanish forces, General Agustin de Iturbide, decided to make peace with Guerrero to stop the war that had lasted more than ten years. The latter was elected, but irregularities detected in the electoral process and internal rivalries triggered the so-called La Acordada uprising, led in the capital by Guerrero himself and supported by General Santa Anna, who demanded the annulment of the elections.
The mandate of Vicente Guerrero would be very brief: from April to December of The new president wanted to implement a program of radical reforms; the first was the third decree for the abolition of slavery, which would have definitive effects. However, the great majority of its legislative initiatives, whether economic or social reform, were ineffective because of the serious shortage in which the public coffers were located. In September of , to further complicate the situation, an army commanded by General Isidro Barradas starred in the last attempt of the Spanish monarchy to recover its former colony.
Once again under pressure, Congress declared Guerrero incapacitated for the government and appointed Anastasio Bustamante president In a bold attempt to regain power, Vicente Guerrero undertook an armed rebellion that won resounding successes, especially after the defeat of Armijo's army in Texca.
There he was taken prisoner and, after being taken to Oaxaca, he was subjected to a summary trial and the 14 of was shot in Cuilapan. Because of his treachery, Picaluga received fifty thousand pesos from the Minister of War; in such quantity was valued the value of a patriot who had dedicated twenty years of his life to build a free and just nation.
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